Lubricant



v Patented J3me 30, 1931 p OFF-ICE 11* \T E. BECKER, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR I'd STANDARD OIL DEVELOP- KENT COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE LUBRICANT We Drawing.

This invention relates to lubricants and their preparation, and will be fully understood from the following description.

In the cracking of hydrocarbon oils by a pressure distillation, etc., the residuum remaining is a tarry-appearing liquid customarily regarded as usable only for fuels. I have found however that from such material there can be prepared lubricants suitable-for in certain uses. To segregate the best portions I subject such residuum to distillation, preferably under a vacuum or by use of steam, and take ofl the lighter fractions separately and then thehea'vier, downto a pitch hot- 15 toms. 1

Depending upon the particular stock which has been used .as starting material, more or. less of the fractions can be saved after the very lightest. By distilling on ten '20 percent cuts, all fractions that have any utility either alone or for blending can be conveniently separated and handled. In some cases so much parafline wax is present in the distillates, that it is worth while to chill and press in order'to secure an oil with a better I cold test.

Having obtained the desired cuts, I then proceed'to work them up in accordance with the particular products wanted.- Some of the" cuts can be used as they are. In other instances I blend down heavier cuts with selected lighter cuts or blend variouslywith ordinary lubricating oils. .In some cases-I. further improve the quality by an acid treatment for instance 10-30 lbs. of 66 B. sulfuric acid to the barrel of oil. In other cases forspecial uses I add sulfur, 15% for example, to selected fractions and heat to around 400-500 F. until the sulfur. dissolves. This product can be used as suchor can be blended down with other fractions or with ordinary lubricating oils.

As illustrating the invention, but without at the sametime implying any limitations,

the following examples may be noted:

Application filed November 28 1923. Serial No. 677,512.

I. A residuum (of residual oil 239 B. gravity) from pressure distillation cracking Mid-Continent gas oil was distilled under a vacuum, by 10% cuts. The heavier cuts showed the following properties:

Saybolt Saybolt Cut Gravity viscosity viscosity Flash -70% 261 B. 55 2!) -80 23.1 68 if -90 17.1 160 42 3;] -97 Heavier than water. 1895 91 333 Saybolt Saybolt Cut Gravity visoosit viscosity 212 F.

80-90 (2% sulfur added) 16.2 Be 208 42 80-90 (6% sulfur added); 14.1 194 44 90-97 (2% sulfur added)- Heavier than water. 133 90-97 (6% sulfur added)- do 20 parts 'of cut 60-70 were blended with 80 parts of an ordinary spindle lubricating oil (of 31 B. gravity, and Saybolt viscosity 103 at 100 F.) The product showed the following proprties Saybolt viscosi 100 Gravity 30 parts of cuts 80-97 (with flash 360) to l which had been added 5% of sulfur with heating to d00-425 F, was blended with 70 parts of the straight cuts 6080 (of flash between 280 and 360). The product showed the following properties Seybolt Saybolt Gravity viscosity viscosity Flash 30 parts of cuts 80-97 to which had been added 5 parts of sulfur with heating was blended with 70 parts of an ordinary spindle lubricating oil (of 31 Be. gravity, and Saybolt viscosity 103 at 100 F). This product showed the following properties;

Saybolt Sayoolt Gravity viscosity viscosity Flash Seybolt Gravity viscosity 212 F.

Bottoms (2% sulfur added) Heavier than water. 143 Bottoms (5% sulfur added) do 159 30 parts of the bottoms with the 5% sulfur as blended with 70 parts of the straight -70 cuts. The product showed the follmving properties:

I Saybolt Soy'oolt Gravity viscosity 1' @mu r.

193 Bl: lGiTi 4-5 30 par 'ttoms with the was ble- 7 parts of an i oil (of 31 105) at 100 following prop spindle l Saybolt proouct snot ill.

Gm v ity gravity as compared with ordinary lubrieating oils of the same gravity; and where sulfur has been added the sulfurcontent is at least 0.35%.

A typical lubricating composition prepared according to my invention comprises a residual oil having a gravity of 21-22" Be, a Saybolt viscosity of 78-85 at 100 F, a flash ct 3003l5, and containing at least 0.5% of combined. sulfur. Another typical composition which may be mentioned by way of illustration contains a residual oil having a gravity between and 31 B., a Saybolt viscosity between 150 and 90 at 100 F., and contains at least 0.5 of combined sulfur.

lVhat I claim is:

1. A. process of preparing lubricants,

which comprises distilling a residuum from cracking of petroleum, segregating cuts of the distillate and blending with another oil.

2. A lubricant comprising hydrocarbon oil constituents from residuum of cracking petroleum, and containing at least 0.35% of combined sulfur and not substantially more than 5% of such sulfur.

3. The method of making a lubricating oil from pressure distillation cracking residuum which comprises distilling such a residuum to segregate distillates therefrom having lubricating characteristics, adding sulphur to a distillate so segregated and heating until the sulphur dissolves.

l. Method according to claim 3, in which the distillation, to segregate distillatcs, is conducted under vacuum.

5. Method according to claim 3, in which the oil'with the added sulphur is heated to a temperature of between substantially 4'00" and 500 F. for a period sufficient to completely dissolve the sulphur.

8. Method, according to claim 3, in which the added sulphur is in amount not exceeding 5% of the oil to which it is added.

I dethod of making lubricating oil from pressure distillation cracking res; uum which comprises distilling such a residiuun to segregate a distillate therefrom havin viscosity excess of 80 seconds Saybolt 100 LT. ding to such diet late sulphur and heating until the sulphur d' l :5. Method acccrdi. to claim 'k', in which d to a temperaluire of between the oil is l.

000 1?. e sulphur dissolves.

BECKER.

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